Pattern of mandibular fractures resulting from fall

Fall is the third commonest cause of mandibular fracture throughout the world while in Pakistan and India it is considered to be the second most common cause. Mandible fracture resulting from fall is of great concern particularly in children because it has been found that in children majority of cases of joint fracture has resulted from fall, and found to have temporomandibular joint [TMJ] ankylosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pattern of mandibular fractures resulting from fall. This will help in the prevention of subsequent complications particularly in children like TMJ ankylosis and aesthetic problems. This is a descriptive [cross sectional] study which was carried out on 60 patients presenting with mandibular fractures resulting from fall to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan from 4th April 2009 to 3rd October 2009. Each patient was thoroughly examined both clinically and radiologically for the site of mandible fracture. The age, gender and site distribution of patients were determined. Majority of the fall injury patients presenting with mandibular fractures were in the 1st decade of life followed by 2nd and 6th decade. In the first three decades of life, males were predominantly involved while the 5th and 6th decade was dominated by female patients with overall male preponderance. The most common pattern of mandibular fracture resulting from fall was combination bony trauma [i.e., more than one mandibular fracture site] and the para-symphysis and condyle were the most frequent mandibular fracture sites both in combination and isolation

Correlation among different profile planes used to evaluate lower lip position

The objective of this study was to correlate the soft tissue profile planes proposed by Rickett [Eline], Steiner [S-line], Burstone [B-line], and Holdaway [H-line] used to determine the lower lip position. Pretreatment cephalograms of 150 patients [age 16.2 +/- 4.1 years] were evaluated. Lower lip [labrale inferiorus] position was measured relative to Rickett's E-line, Steiner's S-line, Burstone's B-line and Holdaway's H-line. Pearson correlation was used to determine the degree of correlation between the lower lip positions determined by the four reference planes. All the pairs of variables showed statistically significant correlation [p<0.01]. Strong correlation was found between E-line and S-line [0.868], and between S-line and B-line [0.733]. Rest of the pairs showed moderate to weak correlations. H-line showed weak correlations with rest of the reference lines. This study found little difference in validity among Ricketts E-line, the Steiners S-line or Burstone's B-line. Holdaway's H-line may be used in conjunction with these reference planes

Orthodontic treatment need in 13 - 30 years patients by using the index of orthodontic treatment need

To evaluate the orthodontic treatment need a study was conducted at orthodontic department of Islamic International Dental Hospital [IIDH]. Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need [IOTN] was applied in a sample of 300 patients. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 10.0. Out of 300 subjects 114 were males and 186 females with mean age of 18 +/- 4.8 years were reported. Dental Health Component showed 19% [Grade 5], 57% [Grade 4], 18% [Grade 3], 5% [Grade 2] and 2% [Grade1] results respectively and Aesthetic Component showed percentages as 31.66% [Scale 1-4], 32% [Scale 5-7] and 36.3% [Scale 8-10]. Strong association was found between aesthetic component and dental health component [p=.000]. According to Dental Health Component 75% of the population was found to be in definite treatment need and only 36.3% of the population was in definite treatment need according to Aesthetic Component. No significant gender difference was found for treatment need